| Property | Specification |
| Shape | Small, round to slightly wrinkled berries |
| Size | 3 to 5 mm in diameter |
| Color | Black to dark brown |
| Weight | 0.02 to 0.03 g per peppercorn |
| Texture | Hard, wrinkled outer skin with a smooth inner seed |
| Moisture Content | 10% to 12% |
| Volatile Oil Content | 3% to 5% |
| Piperine Content | 5% to 9% (main active compound) |
| Taste | Pungent, spicy, and mildly bitter |